Organic Intermediates

Vim Li Cas Xaiv Peb

Kev sib tw tshaj plaws

Nrog ntau tshaj 10 xyoo kev ua haujlwm, peb ib txwm muab cov nqi sib tw tshaj plaws rau cov neeg siv khoom los pab txo lawv cov nqi hauv daim ntawv thov.

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Peb cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog kev mob siab rau teb tag nrho koj cov lus nug, kev tawm tswv yim lossis lwm yam kev xav tau hauv 24 teev. Peb zoo siab tos txais koj hu rau peb kom paub ntau ntxiv thiab tos ntsoov yuav ua haujlwm nrog koj.

Siab Zoo

Peb cov khoom tau txais ncaj qha los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab txhua tus ua tib zoo tsim nyog los xyuas kom ua raws li EHS & S, ntim, thiab cov qauv zoo. Peb cov khoom siv zog saib xyuas muab kev noj qab haus huv, kev nyab xeeb, thiab ib puag ncig cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau peb cov neeg koom tes hauv cov khoom siv.

Kev paub nplua nuj

Peb nkag siab txog yam dab tsi cuam tshuam rau kev xa khoom thiab kev xav tau, cov khoom muaj, thiab tus nqi thiab peb muab cov kev paub no nrog peb cov neeg koom tes hauv cov khoom lag luam tsis tu ncua. Peb muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khoom lag luam thiab kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam los pab koj txiav txim siab ua lag luam zoo dua.

Tuam txhab Profile

Chemintel yog lub tuam txhab tshuaj uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kev txhawb nqa thiab txhawb kev pabcuam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. nws tau cog lus los xaiv cov tshuaj sib tw tshaj plaws uas tsim los ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab ruaj khov los ntawm Tuam Tshoj los muab kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Txog tam sim no, chemintel tau tshaj tawm ntau dua 100 cov tshuaj, uas ntau tshaj 20 muaj txoj cai tshwj xeeb rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev lag luam suav. peb cov khoom muaj daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm pharmaceuticals & zoo tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab, dyes, flavors thiab fragrances, pub additives, ntsuab fibers & lwm yam.

Txog tam sim no, Chemintchemical lub tuam txhab uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj zoo, kev txhawb nqa thiab txhawb kev pabcuam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. nws tau cog lus los xaiv cov tshuaj sib tw tshaj plaws uas tsim los ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab ruaj khov los ntawm Tuam Tshoj los muab kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Txog tam sim no, chemintel tau tshaj tawm ntau dua 100 cov tshuaj, uas ntau tshaj 20 muaj txoj cai tshwj xeeb rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev lag luam suav. peb cov khoom muaj daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm pharmaceuticals & zoo tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab, dyes, flavors thiab fragrances, pub additives, ntsuab fibers & lwm yam.

Organic Intermediates suav nrog

Triphenylphosphine

Benzoate

Tris

Triphenylphosphine yog dab tsi

Triphenylphosphine (IUPAC lub npe: triphenylphosphane) yog ib hom organophosphorus compound nrog cov mis P (C6H5) 3 thiab feem ntau abbreviated rau PPh3 los yog Ph3P. Nws yog ntau yam compound uas yog dav siv los ua ib qho reagent nyob rau hauv cov organic synthesis thiab raws li ib tug ligand rau kev hloov hlau complexes, nrog rau cov uas ua hauj lwm raws li catalysts nyob rau hauv organometallic chemistry. PPh3 tshwm sim raws li huab cua ruaj khov, tsis muaj xim muaju ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws dissolves nyob rau hauv non-polar organic solvents xws li benzene thiab diethyl ether.

Kev npaj thiab cov qauv ntawm Triphenylphosphine

Triphenylphosphine tuaj yeem npaj hauv chav kuaj los ntawm kev kho phosphorus trichloride nrog phenylmagnesium bromide lossis phenyllithium. Kev lag luam synthesis suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm phosphorus trichloride, chlorobenzene, thiab sodium: [5]

PCl3 + 3 PhCl + 6 Na → PPh3 + 6 NaCl
Triphenylphosphine crystallizes hauv triclinic[6] thiab kev hloov kho monoclinic.[7] Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, lub molecule txais ib tug pyramidal qauv nrog propeller zoo li kev npaj ntawm peb pawg phenyl.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Triphenylphosphine

Quaternization
Alkyl halides thiab $PP{{h}_{3}}$PPh3 tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nrog kev pab los ntawm hlau catalysts los tsim phosphonium ntsev. Benzylic thiab allylic halides dhau los ua cov txheej txheem quaternization sai heev.

Mitsunobu Reaction
Ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm triphenylphosphine thiab diisopropyl azodicarboxylate ("DIAD" lossis nws cov khoom sib xyaw diethyl, DEAD) hloov cawv thiab carboxylic acid rau hauv ester hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Mitsunobu. Lub $PP{{h}_{3}}$ yog oxidised rau $OPP{{h}_{3}}$PPh3 yog oxidized rau OPPh3
thiab DIAD raug txo qis thaum ua raws li hydrogen txais.

Oxidation
Cov cua oxidation qeeb ntawm triphenylphosphine ua rau triphenylphosphine oxide.$2PP{{h}_{3}}\,+\,{{O}_{2}}\,\to\,2OPP {{h}_{3}}$2PPh3+O2 → 2OPPh3

Chlorination
Triphenylphosphine dichloride, uas tshwm sim raws li noo noo-rhiab heev phosphonium halide, yog tsim thaum Chlorine reacts nrog PPh32Ph3PCl2+NH2OH.HCl+Ph3P→{[Ph3P]2N}Cl+3HCl+Ph3PO

Protonation
Ua lub hauv paus tsis muaj zog PPh3P(C6H5)3+HBr →[HP(C6H5)3]+Br−

Kev siv tshuaj Triphenylphosphine

Catalyst

Triphenylphosphine tuaj yeem tsim cov complexes nrog cov hlau hloov pauv thiab siv los ua cov catalyst. Cov catalysts no siv tau rau hauv
Ntau cov organic synthesis tshwm sim ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, xws li hydrogenation ntawm olefins, txo cov hydrides, thiab carbon.
-Qhov tsim thiab cleavage tshwm sim ntawm carbon bonds.

Khoom siv Science

Triphenylphosphine tuaj yeem tsim ntau qhov sib txawv nrog cov hlau sib koom ua ke ions, uas tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb muaj txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, lawv tuaj yeem ua cov khoom nruab nrab rau cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules, siv rau Kev Npaj ntawm cov lus qhia hloov pauv thiab lub hnub ci hlwb, thiab lwm yam; Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob polymer rau kev npaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob organic, thiab lwm yam.

Organic Synthesis

Triphenylphosphine tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis thiab cov reagent rau kev tsim cov tshuaj naphthalene, thiab siv dav hauv cov organic synthesis Medium. Piv txwv li, nws muaj peev xwm txo alkynes rau olefins nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen gas; Nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau acyl chloride los tsim cov khoom siv esterification.

Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas

Triphenylphosphine tuaj yeem siv los cais thiab txiav txim siab cov hlau ions, xws li los ntawm kev tsim cov complexes Txhim kho kev soj ntsuam rhiab heev.

Sodium Benzoate yog dab tsi

Sodium benzoate yog ib qho tshuaj preservative muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, fermented zaub mov, kua ntses thiab ib co pancake syrups.Cov khoom noj tshuaj no tau txuas mus rau ntau yam kev mob kev nkeeg, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj rau DNA, hormonal cuam tshuam thiab txo fertility. Sodium benzoate kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis tsuas yog thaum ua ke nrog ascorbic acid, citric acid lossis vitamin C. Thaum nws ua ke nrog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj no, nws tsim benzene, cov tshuaj cuam tshuam nrog cov qog nqaij hlav hauv ntshav.Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tib yam tshwm sim thaum ascorbic acid. , citric acid los yog vitamin C yog ua ke nrog lwm preservative potassium benzoate.

Kev ua tau zoo thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm Sodium Benzoate

Kev txuag zaub mov
Sodium benzoate feem ntau yog siv los ua khoom noj khoom haus hauv kev lag luam khoom noj kom ntev lub neej txee ntawm cov zaub mov, inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab pwm, thiab tswj cov khoom noj tshiab.

Antifungal nyhuv
Sodium benzoate muaj qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov kab mob fungi, yog li nws feem ntau siv hauv cov tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom tu tus kheej kom tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm pwm lossis lwm yam fungi.

Kev tu tawv nqaij
Hauv qee cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom tu tus kheej, sodium benzoate tuaj yeem muab ntxiv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov khoom, thaum qee cov khoom kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev tu tawv nqaij rau nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Cov ntawv thov kho mob
Hauv qee qhov kev npaj tshuaj, sodium benzoate tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tseem tsis muaj menyuam thaum lub sijhawm siv.

Kev khaws cia ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj
Hauv qee cov khoom siv mis nyuj, xws li cheese, yogurt, thiab lwm yam, sodium benzoate kuj yog siv los ua cov khoom noj kom ntev lawv lub txee lub neej.

Txoj Cai Antiseptic ntawm Sodium Benzoate

Benzoic acid preservatives ua rau lawv cov molecules undissociated. Undissociated benzoic acid yog lipophilic heev thiab tuaj yeem yooj yim dhau los ntawm cov cell membrane thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub cell, cuam tshuam nrog permeability ntawm cell membrane ntawm cov kab mob xws li pwm thiab kab mob, thiab cuam tshuam kev nqus ntawm cov amino acids los ntawm cov cell membrane. Nws absorbs benzoic acid molecules uas nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb, acidifies lub alkali cia nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, inhibits cov kev ua ntawm ua pa enzymes nyob rau hauv lub microbial hlwb, thiab yog li plays lub luag hauj lwm antiseptic.

Benzoic acid yog ib tug broad-spectrum antimicrobial neeg sawv cev uas zoo heev tiv thaiv cov poov xab, pwm, thiab ib co kab mob. Hauv qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv thiab nrog tus nqi pH qis dua 4.5, nws muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ntau yam kab mob.

Dab tsi yog Kev Siv Sodium Benzoate

Hauv Kev Kho Mob:Raws li cov tshuaj nruab nrab, sodium benzoate yog siv nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm ntau yam tshuaj, xws li non-steroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog siv los kho cov mob xws li kab mob ua pa, kab mob hauv plab, kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kab mob fungal. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov tsis tuaj yeem kho tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li ib tug antimicrobial neeg sawv cev, nws kuj yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov benzoic acid thiab nws cov esters.

Hauv Kev Lag Luam Dye:Sodium benzoate yog siv los ua dye intermediate los ua ke ntau yam organic dyes, piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim cov xim zaj duab xis; Raws li ib tug dye fixative, nws txhim kho lub durability thiab ceev ntawm dyes. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau lawm thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm dyes nyob rau hauv textile, tawv thiab luam ntawv industries.

Hauv Chemical Synthesis:Sodium benzoate yog siv los ua cov khoom pib lossis nruab nrab hauv cov organic synthesis thiab yog siv los ua ke ntau yam organic tebchaw. Nws ua raws li cov catalyst hauv esterification, etherification thiab acylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm cov organic synthesis, sodium benzoate yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj tshiab, cov khoom siv thiab tshuaj tua kab.

Hauv Kev Lag Luam Tshuaj Txhua Hnub:Vim nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo thiab cov xwm txheej me me, sodium benzoate yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob thiab ntxiv rau cov khoom xws li tshuaj txhuam hniav, tshuaj zawv plaub hau, da dej gel, tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj ntxuav tais diav los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov khoom.

Hauv Kev Lag Luam Ntoo:Raws li ib tug fungicide, sodium benzoate yog dav siv los tswj cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag ntawm ntau yam paj thiab ntoo.

Hauv Kev Lag Luam Khoom Noj:Raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab antioxidant, sodium benzoate tuaj yeem ua kom lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom noj los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov cell membrane thiab cell phab ntsa ntawm cov kab mob thiab inhibiting lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Vim nws cov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom, nws yog dav siv hauv ntau yam khoom noj, xws li nqaij, zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, dej haus, thiab lwm yam.

Tris yog dab tsi

CAS Nr. 77-86-1 Molecular Formula C4H11NO3 Tris los yog Tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane los yog THAM yog cov organic compound nrog cov mis (HOCH2)3CNH2. Tris yog siv dav hauv biochemistry thiab molecular biology. Hauv biochemistry, Tris yog dav siv los ua ib feem ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem tsis zoo, xws li hauv TAE thiab TBE tsis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm nucleic acids. Nws muaj ib tug thawj amine thiab yog li undergoes cov kev cuam tshuam nrog amines raug, piv txwv li condensations nrog aldehydes.

Cov cuab yeej ntawm Tris

Lwm cov npe tshuaj muaj feem xyuam rau Tris yog: Tris puag, Tris tsis, Trizma, Trisamine, THAM, Tromethamine, Trometamol, Tromethane, Trisaminol

Cov tshuaj formula siv rau Tris yog C4H11NO3.

Qhov hnyav Molecular yog 121.136 g / mol

Nws muaj qhov ceev ntawm 1.328g / cm3

Nws muaj acidity ntawm 8.07 pKa

The melting point for Tris is >175-176 degree

Lub boiling point rau Tris yog 219 degree

Taw qhia txog kev siv TRIS

Tsis pub
Tris feem ntau yog siv los ua qhov tsis nyob hauv biochemistry thiab molecular biology kuaj. Nws tuaj yeem kho tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj thiab ua kom cov tshuaj ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib qho acid-base ntau yam. Txij li thaum nws tus nqi pKa yog kwv yees li 8.1, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov tshuab tsis muaj pH ntau ntawm 7.5-90.

Cell Culture
Hauv kab lis kev cai ntawm tes, Tris tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev buffering thiab osmotic regulator. Nws tuaj yeem pab tswj kom muaj pH ruaj khov ntawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm tes thiab muab cov ion tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab kev tswj osmotic.

Protein Purification
Tris tuaj yeem siv ua tshuaj ntxuav tes thiab diluent thaum lub sij hawm ntxuav cov protein. Nws tuaj yeem pab tshem tawm cov protein uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb khi thiab pab kom huv thiab cais cov hom phiaj protein.

Cov ntawv thov kho mob
Tris yog siv los ua cov tshuaj alkaline, feem ntau los tswj cov ntshav acid-base tshuav nyiaj li cas. Hauv qee kis ntawm acidosis, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub ntau dhau thiab kho cov ntshav pH li qub.

Tshuaj Synthesis
Trishydroxymethylaminomethane kuj tseem siv los ua ib qho tseem ceeb reagent hauv organic synthesis. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ke rau lwm cov organic tebchaw, xws li carboxymethylation reagents, esterification reagents thiab condensation reagents.

Common Buffer Systems rau TRIS

Tris ntxiv rau hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, thiab potassium chloride tau ua ke rau hauv TBS tsis, uas yog siv los ntxuav cov ntaub so ntswg los yog Western blot membranes hauv Western Blotting.

Ntxiv trishydroxymethylaminomethane, hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride thiab tween20 los npaj ib qho TBST tsis, uas yog ib daim nyias nyias nyias tsis siv nyob rau hauv protein immunoassay technology.

Tris, hydrochloric acid thiab ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid yog ntxiv los tsim TE tsis, uas muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm DNA, yog li nws feem ntau siv rau kev ruaj ntseg thiab khaws cia ntawm DNA.

Tris, acetic acid thiab ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid yog ntxiv rau tsim TAE tsis, uas yog ib qho kev siv tsis zoo rau lub sijhawm luv luv electrophoresis ntawm cov tawg loj ntawm DNA.

Trishydroxymethylaminomethane ntxiv rau boric acid thiab ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid yog tsim rau hauv TBE tsis, uas yog siv rau ntev DNA electrophoresis thiab muaj kev sib cais zoo dua ntawm cov khoom me me.

Peb lub Hoobkas

FAQ

Q: Dab tsi yog tris siv rau?

A: Tris (tris puag) yog cov organic compound feem ntau siv hauv molecular biology los ua cov kev daws teeb meem tsis sib xws lossis ua raws li qhov tsis zoo. Feem ntau siv cov zaub mov tsis zoo siv tris suav nrog: CTAB DNA extraction tsis. TAE buffer.Irritating rau qhov muag, ua pa thiab tawv nqaij. Cov khoom siv tsis tau raug cais raws li "kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev noj".

Q: Dab tsi yog tris hauv chemistry?

A: Tris yog ib qho organic compound uas tau siv dav los ua cov tshuaj tsis haum hauv biochemistry thiab molecular biology. Tris yog cov hmoov dawb crystalline thiab yog amine proton acceptor.Tris tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau feem ntau cov kab mob lom vim tias nws muaj pKa ntawm kwv yees li 8.1 ntawm 25 degree, ua rau nws tsis zoo nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm pH 7-9.

Q: Dab tsi yog tris luv rau?

A: Tris, los yog tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, los yog paub thaum kho mob siv raws li tromethamine los yog THAM, yog ib tug organic compound nrog cov mis (HOCH2) 3CNH2, ib tug ntawm nees nkaum Good's buffers.Tromethamine (Tris), feem ntau yog siv raws li ib tug buffer thiab excipient nyob rau hauv kev siv tshuaj lom neeg downstream hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv tshuaj.

Q: Dab tsi yog kev siv TRIS lub hauv paus hauv chav kuaj?

A: Tris yog soluble hauv dej thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv pH ntau yam 7.0-9.0. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm Laemmli tsis, ib qho ntawm feem ntau SDS-PAGE buffers. Tsis tas li ntawd, Tris kuj tseem siv tau rau ntau yam kev cai khiav thiab thauj khoom buffers, feem ntau nrog glycine thiab SDS.

Q: Vim li cas Tris thiaj li tshwj xeeb?

A: Nws Divergence tso cai rau nws lub hlwb los ua qhov zoo los ntawm peb ntawm tsib pawg neeg, ua pov thawj tseeb los ntawm nws qhov Kev Xeem Txuj Ci thaum nws pom tias nws muaj peev xwm sib npaug rau Abnegation, Dauntless thiab Erudite. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws yog kev ua siab tawv.Yog tias koj xav siv tris-hcl es tsis txhob tris-base ces koj yuav tsum rov xam cov nyiaj ntxiv los tswj cov molar concentration ntawm tris hauv cov tshuaj kawg thiab yuav tau kho cov pH me ntsis. txawv.

Q: Puas yog Tris yog cov kua qaub lossis lub hauv paus?

A: Tris (raws li cov khoom siv ntshiab feem ntau yog muab) yog lub hauv paus thiab nws cov tshuaj aqueous yog alcaline. Nws tsis yog buffer sensu stricto. Yuav kom tau txais lub peev xwm buffering nws yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug nrog cov kua qaub uas yog cov protonated daim ntawv ntawm Tris.

Q: Tris tsis yog dab tsi?

A: Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane tseem hu ua THAM, nrog pKa 8.06. Tris (MW: 121.14) yog cov hmoov dawb crystalline hmoov uas muaj cov mis mos C4H11NO3. Nws tsim ib qho kev daws teeb meem hauv dej. Tris yog siv los ua ib qho kev buffering hauv feem ntau ntawm cov kev sim tshuaj lom neeg.

Q: Puas yog Tris hmoov?

A: Tris tsis yog siv rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov hauv biochemistry thiab molecular biology. Cov khoom no yog hmoov rau kev npaj 1 M Tris Buffer (pH 7.4). Qhov tsis tuaj yeem npaj tau yooj yim los ntawm kev yaj cov hmoov hauv H2O. Ib lub hnab yog siv los npaj 1,000 ml ntawm 1 M Tris Buffer (pH 7.4).

Q: Tris tswj pH li cas?

A: TRIS puag thiab hydrochloric acid ua ke ua ib qho tsis zoo uas tswj pH ntawm 8.0, uas yog qhov zoo rau ntau cov txheej txheem lom neeg. Sodium azide ntxiv rau inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob kom tswj tau cov qauv purity. Npaj ib qho 0.1M Tris Base tov: ntxiv H20 rau 12.1g Tris Base rau tag nrho ntim ntawm 1 liter. 2. Los ntawm daim ntawv qhia hauv qab no, tau txais qhov ntim ntawm 0.1M HCl xav tau los tsim cov pH uas xav tau, thiab ntxiv rau 100mL ntawm 0.1M Tris Base.

Q: Dab tsi yog pH ntawm Tris puag?

A: Cov pH ntawm Tris cov kev daws teeb meem yog qhov kub thiab txias thiab txo qis approx. 0.03 pH units rau txhua 1 degree qhov kub thiab txias. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj 0.05 M muaj pH qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 9.5, 8.9, thiab 8.6 ntawm 5′C, 25′C, thiab 37 degree, feem.

Q: Puas yog Tris HCl yog ntsev?

A: Cov ntsev hydrochloride ntawm TRIS, tseem hu ua tromethamine hydrochloride, yog cov khoom siv roj ntsha uas peb muab ua cov hmoov dawb crystalline. TRIS hydrochloride yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum thiab muab cov kua qaub pH thaum yaj hauv dej.

Q: Qhov piv txwv ntawm Tris tsis yog dab tsi?

A: Tris buffers suav nrog buffers raws li cov tshuaj sib xyaw Tris (tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane) thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv kev siv tshuaj lom neeg. Ntawm cov piv txwv siv dav tshaj plaws yog Tris-Hcl (Tris hydrochloride), Tris-EDTA (TE), Tris-buffered saline (TBS), Tris-acetate-EDTA (TAE), thiab Tris-borate-EDTA (TBE).

Q: Koj ua li cas yaj Tris hauv dej?

A: Dissolve Tris rau hauv cov dej distilled deionized, 1/3 mus rau 1/2 ntawm koj qhov kawg ntim ntim. Sib tov hauv HCl (piv txwv li, 1M HCl) kom txog thaum lub ntsuas pH muab rau koj xav tau pH rau koj cov tshuaj Tris tsis haum. Dilute lub buffer nrog dej kom ncav cuag qhov xav tau qhov kawg ntim ntawm kev daws.

Q: Tris thiab EDTA ua dab tsi?

A: TE (Tris-EDTA) tsis yog tsim los ntawm Tris, pH tsis thiab EDTA, hlau chelating ion. Nws yog siv rau hauv DNA extraction txheej txheem rau lyse, ntxuav thiab yaj DNA. TE tsis yog tseem siv rau DNA khaws cia vim tias nws muaj peev xwm khaws DNA rau lub sijhawm ntev dua yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.

Q: Puas yog Tris puag thiab Tris tsis zoo ib yam?

A: Xwb, Tris buffers tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev siv Tris Base thiab titrating nrog hydrochloric acid tov rau tus nqi pH xav tau. Cov teebmeem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm pH: Raws li Tris cov kev daws teeb meem txo qhov kub ntawm 25 degree mus rau 5 degree, tus nqi pH nce qhov nruab nrab ntawm 0.03 units ib degree .

Q: Tris puas tuaj yeem ua autoclaved?

A: Tso cai rau cov tshuaj kom txias rau hauv chav sov ua ntej ua qhov kev hloov kho zaum kawg rau pH. Kho qhov ntim ntawm cov tshuaj rau 1 L nrog H2O. Dispense rau hauv aliquots thiab sterilize los ntawm autoclaving. Yog tias cov tshuaj 1 M muaj xim daj, muab pov tseg thiab tau txais Tris zoo dua.

Q: Puas yog Tris hloov pH?

A: Ua kom cov concentration ntawm tris los ntawm {{0}}}05 M mus rau 0.5 M yuav ua rau cov pH ntau dua li ntawm 0.{{10 }}5 units. Txo qhov concentration ntawm 0.05 M txog 0.005 M yuav txo tus nqi pH los ntawm 0.05 units.Concentrate ruaj khov rau 24 lub hlis txij li hnub tsim khoom. Cov tshuaj diluted yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv ib lub lis piam. Yog hais tias cov tshuaj ua pos huab, muab pov tseg thiab ua cov tshuaj tshiab.

Q: Puas yog Tris yog pH tsis?

A: Tris muaj me ntsis alkaline buffering muaj peev xwm nruab nrab ntawm pH 7.0 thiab 9.2, uas coincides nrog lub physiological pH ntawm feem ntau cov kab mob nyob. Tris tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau kev ntxuav cov txheej txheem hauv cov kab lis kev cai ntawm tes (1) thiab yog qhov tsim nyog raws li kev tshem tawm tsis zoo rau cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg.Tris tsis yog xa tawm ntawm chav tsev kub. Khaws cov hnab rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav ntawm chav tsev kub. Lub neej txee yog peb xyoos. Tris buffer solutions tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv chav sov lossis ntawm +4 degree rau ob lub lis piam.

Q: Dab tsi yog sodium benzoate ua los ntawm?

A: Sodium benzoate yog lub zog tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw dawb, tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw benzoic acid nrog sodium hydroxide (lye). Sodium benzoate tsis yog ib txwm tshwm sim thiab yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib lub chaw kuaj mob, txawm hais tias nws cov khoom tseem ceeb-benzoic acid- yog natural.Paraben dawb preservatives muaj xws li Phenoxyethanol, Sodium benzoate, Potassium Sorbate, Neolone, OptiphenPlus, Hydantoin, Glycacil, Natrulon thiab Chloridethonium .

Q: Puas yog sodium benzoate ntuj?

A: Sodium benzoate yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws tsim thaum benzoic acid, uas muaj nyob hauv qee cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txuj lom, yog ua ke nrog sodium hydroxide.Sodium benzoate kuj hu ua benzoate ntawm dej qab zib yog sodium ntsev ntawm benzoic acid, dav siv los ua zaub mov. preservative (nrog rau tus lej E ntawm E211) thiab tus neeg sawv cev pickling. Nws zoo nkaus li cov tshuaj dawb crystalline nrog cov mis C6H5COONa.

Tag nrho cov khoom ntawm organic intermediates ua tau raws li cov qauv zoo thoob ntiaj teb. Xav tias dawb tso kev txiav txim nrog peb cov kws tshaj lij organic intermediates tuam ntxhab thiab cov muag khoom hauv Suav teb.